Tuesday, 5 April 2011

Traditional Thai Houses in Chiang Mai


Many of the traditional houses in Thailand, and which are found in Chiang Mai, are constructed of wood and are on stilts. However, there is less emphasis on beating the heat, due to the milder climate. There are many of these found in Chiang Mai, and by simply wandering the back streets of the old city, you can admire their simple but effective design and exquisite finish. Many have been turned into guesthouses, complete with traditional wooden and rattan furniture. All can be distinguished by the decorative 'galares' (cross-sword displays) that sits on the apex of the roof - forming an archetypical Northern Thai symbol.




Lanna Style House in Chiang Mai


Location of Chiang Mai

Traditional Thai House Criteria


Elevated Floors

  • The floors were raised on posts to prevent flooding during the rainy season, protect the occupants from hostile animals and contribute to the air circulation through the living area. Thailand has three recognizable seasons, though with only slight changes from the hot and humid norm. The hot summer months run from March to June. Then, the heat decreases some but the humidity rises from July to October, when the monsoons come. Finally, November to February make up the Thai winter, when temperatures and humidity are lowest.

Pitched Roof

  • Rainwater could run off the steep roof quickly. The long overhangs provided shade and helped keep rain out of the open areas of the house. Most of the regional variations involve the roof design, such as the pointed, wing-like structures on central Thailand houses and V-shaped projections on the gables of northern roofs. According to legend, the "winged" roofs are the means through which the inhabitants reach heaven.

Open Terrace

  • The open terrace took up approximately 40 percent of the floor space of a traditional Thai home, according to the Purdue University engineering department. Often used for outdoor activities, it was an important gathering place for the extended families of the typical Thai residents of the past. The natural ventilation was most evident here, and it offered relief from the hot, humid climate.

Prefabricated and Modular

  • An unusual characteristic of traditional Thai houses was their modular construction, so that they could be disassembled and set up in a different location. When land was abundant in the past, the people moved often. Maybe a couple married and started life somewhere else or political circumstances made a move necessary. They simply packed up their belongings, house and all.


Read more: Traditional Thai House Design | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6532924_traditional-thai-house-design.html#ixzz1IfsVga4u

sejarah awal MANJUNG



Menurut Sejarah Melayu sebelum munculnya nama Negeri Perak terdapat suatu kuasa besar yang dinamakan sebagai Kerajaan Gangga Negara (atau Qastan Zarian) yang menakluki di jajahan Dinding, Beruas dan Manjung.
Kerajaan Gangga Negara diasaskan oleh Raja Ganji Sarjuna daripada Kedah
tetapi ada juga cerita yang menyebutkan bahawa kerajaan tua itu diwujud oleh Raja Khmers dari Negara Kemboja
so teori mana kita xtau la kn....
 Kerajaan Gangga Negara dinyatakan berpusat di Beruas dan telah wujud sebelum abad ke-8 Masehi.


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Dalam tahun 890 seorang anak Raja keturunan dinasti Sailadra Jawa bernama Bolaputra telah menyerang dan mengalahkan Kerajaan Gangga Negara
Tetapi setelah berkahwin dengan puteri Raja Gangga Negara, Raja Bolaputra pun berundur
Pada kurun ke-11
 Kerajaan Gangga Negara sekali lagi diserang tetapi pada kali ini, oleh Raja Chola Rajendran I (atau Rajendran Chola Deva I dan Raja Suran) dan menyebabkan kemansuhan Kerajaan Gangga Negara


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Kemudian itu wujudlah dua buah kerajaan iaitu Kerajaan Beruas dan Kerajaan Manjung
Kerajaan Beruas ini berpusat di Kampung Kota dan kerajaan ini sentiasa bersengketa dengan Kerajaan Manjung sehingga berperang
 Kerajaan Beruas turut meminta bantuan daripada Sultan Mahmud Shah pun menitahkan Paduka Tuan menyerang Manjung dan mengalahkan Kerajaan Manjung dengan mudahnya
Menurut satu cerita yang menarik sebagaimana yang dititahkan sendiri oleh Almarhum Paduka Seri Sultan Idris A’fifullah Shah ( Sultan Perak 33 ) mengatakan di zaman kerajaan Melayu Melaka sebelum wujudnya nama NEGERI PERAK,
Negeri Perak terbahagi kepada tiga daerah iaitu Beruas, Manjung dan Janin ( Hulu Perak di bawah pemerintahan Tun Saban)
Manjung dan Beruas dibawah takluk Melaka
Penghulu Manjung ketika itu ialah Tok Mahsuka.
Pada zaman 1980an, daerah ini dikenali sebagai Daerah Dinding. Ia merupakan sebuah kerajaan yang purba yang sebesar dan sezaman dengan sebuah lagi kerajaan purba di Perak iaitu Beruas
Istiadat menandatangani perjanjian penyerahan semula jajahan Dinding kepada Kerajaan Perak telah diadakan pada 16 Februari 1935 bertempat di hadapan Rest House Lumut
Bersempena dengan peristiwa itu, Jajahan Dinding telah ditukar namanya kepada Iskandar District dan Tanah Merah ( Lumut ) ditukar namanya kepada Port Iskandar
Sultan Perak juga telah berkenan melantik Raja Shahriman bin Raja Abdul Hamid sebagai Orang Besar Jajahan
 Bagi memperingati peristiwa ini Masjid Al-Adli telah dibina melambangkan kesyukuran di atas penyerahan Dinding kepada Kerajaan Perak
 Kini jajahan ini lebih dikenali sebagai Manjung
 Daerah Manjung merupakan sebuah unit pentadbiran yang merangkumi mukim Beruas dan Setiawan. Manjung yang dahulunya pernah menjadi jajahan takluk Beruas apabila pernah ditewaskan oleh Beruas dalam satu pertempuran
 kini memasukkan Beruas sebagai salah satu Untuk mengingati kembali kegemilangan kerajaan purba, jajahan yang dahulunya dikenali juga dengan panggilan Dinding ditukar namanya menjadi Daerah Manjung pada 1 Januari 1982 yang mana ia merupakan satu unit pentadbiran yang juga merangkumi mukim Beruas dan Sitiawan. :)



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Manjung yang dahulunya menjadi jajahan takluk Beruas apabila apabila ia dikalahkan oleh Beruas dalam satu pertempuran dengan bantuan bala tentera dari Melaka
kini memasukkan pula Beruas dibawah daerah pentadbirannya
Sehingga tahun 1935 jajahan itu tidak dianggap sebagai sebahagian daripada negeri Perak
 Lantaran itu pembangunan di situ berjalan agak lembab meskipun ia mempunyai banyak potensi yang boleh di majukan, khususnya dari segi perdagangan antarabangsa
Hanya selepas tahun 1935, barulah usaha untuk memajukan jajahan Dinding dipergiatkan tetapi tidak untuk menjadikan Lumut sebagi pelabuhan
 Ini disebabkan terikat dengan perjanjian sulit antara kerajaan negeri-negeri selat dengan kerajaan Perak di mana dipersetujui yang kerajaan Perak tidak akan berbuat demikian,
jika tidak jajahan Dinding tidak akan dikembalikan kepada Perak
Jajahan dinding dan Bandar Lumut sebagai pusat pentadbirannya mengambil masa yang agak panjang untuk membangun
 Hampir enam dekad lamanya baru ada usaha-usaha untuk mengembalikan kegemilangannya.
Tokoh terlibat Nahkoda Mohamad Taib adalah orang yang bertanggungjawab dalam pembangunan awal Daerah Manjung yang dahulunya dikenali dengan nama Daerah Dinding
 Sejarah bermula di Kuala Sepit di sekitar 1857
Beliau juga dikenali dengan nama Tok Noda telah mendapat perkenan dari Sultan Muazzam Shah untuk membangunkan Daerah Dinding setelah ramai yang gagal sebelum ini kerana serangan ganas pihak lanun. Dengan semangat dan iltizam yang tinggi beliau telah berjaya menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Laluan laut yang selamat telah menggalakkan para pedagang untuk ke Kuala Sepit dan bermulalah kemajuan dan kemakmuran Daerah ini.
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so ini sedikit sebanyak tentang sejarah awal dingding atau manjung
bnyk lg nk cherita...
smbung nnti....
wslm

Traditional Thai Houses

Monday, 4 April 2011

Friday, 1 April 2011

SOUTH OF EAST ASIA HOUSE THAILAND

Lanna Style Roof House


  •  Lanna House is the North Region as a rule faces east with the roof ridge oriented along north south direction.
  • The house is exposed to ample sunlight and at the same time protected from northern winds in the cool season.
  • A functional aspect behind this design and structural element is easy ventilation,  large number of windows and doors are aligned to facilitate an uninterrupted flow and circulation of air
  • In the hot humid tropical climate of Southeast Asia, the airy, open quality of a Thai house and the broad overhangs of its roof protect the interiors from both the sun and rain.
  • In addition, it is cooler to  live in and enhances protection from the risk of floods during the monsoon season and also protection from hostile wildlife.
  • Thai house can be easily assembled or taken down.
  • The entire house is built in light, refabricated sections with each section forming a wall. Each wall is fitted to superstructure. No nails is used to construc this house.
  • Well suited to way of life – When migration happens, the house would be taken down, stacked on a raft and floated down the river.
  • According to superstition and traditional Thai belief, the raised thresholds of Thai houses prevent evil spirits from creeping in at night and disrupting the sleep of the inhabitants. ( same as the all of the temples in Thailand





Traditional Thai Houses

  • The Thai house, like other houses in Southeast-Asia, is a wooden structure raised on posts. 
  • The houses are well designed to fit the lifestyle needs and climatic conditions of Southeast Asia. Ideally adapted to its environment.
  • It is held together using no nails - wooden dowels and dovetailing planks serve instead - it can be taken apart in a day's time. ( The pieces can then be stacked on a boat, moved elsewhere, and reassembled.)
  • The open high-pitched roof - for air circulation.ž
  • Open windows and walls in combination with a large central terrace -  provide ideal ventilation and offer relief from the hot and humid climate.
  • žWide overhanging eaves -  protect the house from sun and rain.
  • The use of wood and bamboo -  reflects the once abundant forests that provided these materials ubiquitously and cheaply. 


    4 TYPES OF THAI HOUSES 
    INFLUENCED BY CULTURAL REGION
    • žThe Central Thailand
    • žThe North (Lanna)
    • žThe North-East (E-Sarn)
    • žThe South



    Thai house in the central plain has its roof line oriented along east west direction.  This is to cut down the amount of sunlight into the  main body of the house and at the same time obtain the maximum benefit of the cool winds.








    Lanna house or Thai house of the north as
    a rule faces east with the roof ridge oriented
    along north south direction.  The house is
    thus exposed to ample sunlight and at the
    same time protected from northernwinds in
    the cool season.







    Thai house of the northeast or "E-Sarn" region has its roof line oriented along the east west direction.   The house is built with due
     considerations for dryness, hot temperatures in the hot season and cool temperatures in the cool season.    







    Thai house of the south has its longer side 
    oriented in the east to west direction.   
    Doing so would expose the house to full 
    sun light almost half a day and also to 
    strong winds which are liable to blow from 
    east to west directions.










    Sources : 
    Asian Thai Architecture , Traditional Thai Houses

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